A Comprehensive Study on Principles and Strategies for Sustainable Net Zero Energy Building Design

Nearly 40% of CO2 emissions related to energy come from the built environment, making it a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Net Zero Energy/Net Zero Buildings (NZEBs/NZBs) have become a revolutionary approach to sustainable construction in response to the escalating climate crisis. Through energy-efficient design and the integration of renewable energy sources, these buildings are intended to generate as much energy as they consume each year. Through a review of the literature and an analysis of important case studies, this report investigates the concepts, tactics and difficulties related to NZEBs. The results emphasize the significance of a comprehensive strategy that incorporates low-carbon materials, renewable energy production, high-efficiency systems, passive design techniques and smart building management. NZEBs are practically feasible, as shown by case studies like The Edge in Amsterdam and the Bullitt Center in Seattle, but there are still issues like high upfront costs, legal restrictions and technical complexity. Despite these obstacles, the report concludes that net-zero buildings are crucial for cutting carbon emissions and attaining long-term economic and environmental sustainability.