Cybersecurity and defense in intelligent transportation systems

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have become increasingly crucial for enhancing transportation networks' efficiency, safety, and security. ITS includes advanced technologies such as electronic sensors, data transmission, and intelligent control technologies, providing better driver and rider services. However, these technologies pose significant security and privacy risks, in which attackers can easily disrupt transportation systems. This paper presents a survey of the challenges with ITS, the engineering requirements, attack challenges, and related work of securing ITS. This survey also discussed the elements of ITS, including advanced traffic management systems, connected and automated vehicles, intelligent infrastructure, and integrated data analytics, as well as the role of government policies, public-private partnerships, and stakeholder engagement. The aim is to look at present security challenges associated with ITS and provide better ways to the system. which is critical for creating smart cities and increasing the importance of individual and public transportation systems.