Data analysis and model development for sulphate attack strength loss index in Chikoko blended concrete

Sulphate attack poses a significant durability challenge for concrete, particularly in environments with high sulphate concentrations. This study explores the efficacy of Chikoko, a natural pozzolan from the Niger Delta region, as a supplementary cementitious material to enhance concrete's sulphate resistance. The objective is to develop a predictive model for the strength loss index (SLI) of Chikoko-blended concrete exposed to sulphate attack. Concrete samples incorporating various Chikoko contents (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) were immersed in a 5% sodium sulphate solution for durations of 7, 21, 28, 90, and 120 days, and subjected to different calcination temperatures. Compressive strength tests were conducted, followed by data analysis using ANOVA and regression techniques to identify significant factors and construct the predictive model. Results reveal that Chikoko substantially enhances sulphate resistance, with a 20% Chikoko replacement demonstrating the least strength loss. The predictive model developed from this study accurately estimates the SLI, providing a valuable tool for engineers to design durable concrete structures in sulphate-rich environments. These findings suggest that Chikoko is an effective and sustainable supplementary cementitious material, contributing to improved concrete durability and performance in aggressive sulphate conditions.