Design of an EEG-controlled wheelchair and home automation through brain computer interface

This paper presents the design of an EEG-based brain-controlled wheelchair and home automation system using Brain Computer Interface (BCI) with the NeuroSky Mind Wave Mobile 2 headset. Mobility impairment is a significant challenge that affects the daily lives of millions of individuals with disabilities worldwide. While traditional assistive devices such as wheelchairs offer mobility support, they often require significant physical manipulation. The integration of neurotechnology presents an exciting opportunity to overcome these limitations by enabling direct control of assistive devices using brain signals. This system acquires EEG signals from the brain and analyzes them to obtain attention and eyeblink parameters. These parameters are then utilized to control the wheelchair's movement and operate simple electrical devices such as fans and lights for home automation. The system is primarily intended to assist Quadriplegic patients who are unable to move any part of their body below their neck. It incorporates various components including the HC-05 Bluetooth module, HC-SR04 module, L293D, 16x2 LCD, Arduino UNO, and ESP 32 microcontroller.