Improving vegetable tannins chemistry: A remarkable advancement in salt-free high tannin fixation

Traditional tanning practices often result in harmful waste products that pose significant environmental risks, including water pollution, non-biodegradable solids, hazardous emissions, and unpleasant odors. However, this study introduces a simple and effective alternative method for industrial-scale vegetable tanning, with the goal of minimizing environmental pollution. This innovative method eliminates the use of common salt and substantially reduces water consumption. The environmental benefits of this new approach are remarkable. It has led to a significant 70% reduction in water usage, a 25% decrease in energy consumption, and complete elimination of chloride discharge. These changes have also contributed to a notable reduction of 60-70% in tanning and treatment expenses. Furthermore, the leathers produced using this method exhibit comparable physical, chemical, and sensory properties to those produced through conventional tanning practices. This eco-friendly approach not only addresses environmental concerns but also offers economic advantages, making it a sustainable choice for vegetable tanning processes.