The Influence of Web API and linked data technologies on data interoperability in digital repositories of Public Universities in Kenya

Interoperability is a critical requirement for effective data exchange and integration across institutional digital repositories. However, many repositories still operate in silos due to inconsistent metadata schemas, incompatible systems, and a lack of standardized communication protocols. This study empirically evaluates the role of Web APIs and Linked Data technologies in fostering interoperability across repositories. A descriptive correlational research design was employed, involving data collection from Egerton University and Moi University in Kenya using questionnaires and interviews. Normality testing indicated suitability for parametric analysis; therefore, Pearson correlation and simple linear regression were used. The findings reveal a moderate positive and statistically significant Pearson correlation (r = 0.340, p = 0.040) between Web API & Linked Data and data interoperability. Regression analysis further showed that Web API and Linked Data account for 11.6% of the variance in interoperability (R² = 0.116, p = 0.004), with a regression coefficient of B = 0.450. These results indicate that as institutions enhance their implementation of Web APIs and Linked Data technologies, their capacity for interoperable data exchange significantly improves. The study concludes that institutions implementing RESTful APIs and Linked Data standards such as RDF and SPARQL experience improved semantic alignment and system integration. It recommends phased technological adoption, strategic policy reforms, and targeted capacity-building initiatives to promote repository interoperability in academic institutions.