The photochemical effects of sunlight on gasoline: A scholarly review

Gasoline, a complex blend of hydrocarbons used in internal combustion engines, is susceptible to degradation under environmental conditions. Among various ageing mechanisms, photochemical processes induced by sunlight, especially ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can alter its chemical composition and physical properties. This review evaluates the mechanisms and implications of sunlight-induced photochemical effects on gasoline and related petroleum hydrocarbons. Findings from recent studies indicate that exposure to sunlight causes oxidation of aromatic and unsaturated fractions, formation of oxygenated compounds, and potential decreases in octane number. These effects are intensified under high solar flux and oxygen-rich conditions. The review further discusses storage implications, environmental effects, and the need for region-specific studies, particularly in tropical climates. Strategies for mitigating sunlight-induced degradation are also recommended.