A review on the integrated disaster risk management strategies for wildfire outbreaks in the United State of America

Wildfires are becoming a near-annual occurrence in many regions globally as fire regimes are changing with warming temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns. The events have become a significant environmental and socio-economic challenge in the United States, where climate conditions, human activities, and land management practices contribute to their frequency and intensity.  This review explores the key elements of Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRM) strategies in wildfire management in the USA with consideration on policies, technological advancements, community engagement, and environmental approach. The review suggested the need for a paradigm shift toward systems and structures that are more comprehensive and better address the interrelationships between communities and landscapes and between pre-fire mitigation, response, and post-fire recovery efforts.