From waste to resource: An interdisciplinary analysis of crumb rubber modified asphalt for sustainable pavement solutions

Crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) has emerged as an effective solution to the environmental and performance issues associated with traditional pavement materials. This review presents an in-depth examination of interdisciplinary research on CRMA, emphasizing the convergence of materials science, civil engineering, environmental engineering, and policy frameworks in advancing this innovative technology. The paper addresses technical challenges, including variability in crumb rubber properties and the implications for mixing and compaction temperatures. Strategies to mitigate these challenges, such as advanced processing techniques and the use of warm-mix asphalt technologies, are discussed. Additionally, the review considers the environmental and economic aspects of CRMA, highlighting opportunities and barriers to its broader adoption. The importance of supportive policy and regulatory frameworks in facilitating CRMA implementation is also underscored. This comprehensive review illustrates the critical role of an interdisciplinary approach in developing more sustainable and resilient transportation infrastructure.